Coke-oven.



' that i lle distillations -fromfthecoal during the -eoking ,recess arerecovered and utilizedl in the iiorm .o-fta'r, ammonia, gas, ete Wherefheiteren@ they.; available .coal contains only .small percentagesoli-byproducts, or where market conditions are' adverse, 'the recoveryobyprodnctsironi the-coal during the coking process may 'notbeprofitable. I n such. :t1-'case it maybe 'desirable to utilize thewhole, 'or a portion of vthe gas resulting fitornthe coki'ng recess, forurnislnn -heat to the retorts wit out treatingit for t e byproducts,thereby simplifying the operation, .It is 4the object of my invention toprovide means whereby the gases reduced from the cokingpogt such coalsshalbe utilized' with the greatest economy and' eiicieney to furtherequired heatfor the' coking process, and ati the same time to maintaina suitable pressure in the retorts.

My invention also comprises means for the even distribution of the gas'at required pressure in the ilues, irrespective of the I' so 40'pressure in the retorts, so that the retorts, I,

y the combustion of the gas in the combastion fines, shall bemantainedat an even and properly distributed temperature.

My invention also comprises means in con neetlon with a plurality ofretorts, for collooting and mixlng the gas from the several retorts, anddistributin it to the combustion fines approximate sait retorts, and atthe same time controlling the pressure in the -retorts and also at theburners. It is to be .understood that these retort coke ovens are.buil-t iii-blocks usually of about thirty or Afifty-'lzetorts Theseretorts being all open v connection -nvth -retort coke ovens means areusually 1 provided 'whereby the ansie] j etedftogethert.-.follows that`the differentl NV-'inn retorts 'are ain-:relatively dierent "stages offfthe'Uriite-d States-resida i inedito '5, 1910.

'cokingr process, and "consequently glving foil' 'j gases-respectivelyfvarying in quantity and"` the' earlier stages of the cokingproeessagreater 'amount of gas is distilled 2 a1 1dthe gas'is richer -inquality, while toward Y the latter. stagesof' the 'cking of a charge :of`'o oalthjegas givenuo' is poor in quality y "ancl'le'ss -`in quantity.Itis also to be noted that-1in.thefseveral .stages of the coking recessitis desirble et one time that more lea-tand atjanother time less heatshould be communicated' to a retort. My invention comprises means foraccumulating all thesev gases, mingling the same to maintain asubstantielly constant standard of quantity and quality,1naintaning thesame at a requiredor constant pressure with respect to the retorts, anddelivering gas from this common supply t-o such points or as burnervents in the combustion fines of t e various retorts and at suchpressure, independent of the pressure of the retorts, as may benecessary to secure the best results in the coking process.

My invention is equally adapted to retort ovens of the horizontal linetype or to vertical flue ovens.

The following description explains the applicationof my invention, forexample, toretort ovens having horizontal heating fines.

Referring to the drnWingS:-Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical sectionon line l-l of Fig. 2', with portions broken away to show the lines.Fig. 2 is a vertical crosssection on line 2-2. .o-f Fig. l.

Similar mlmerals refer t0 similar parts throughout the severa] views.

The retort-s '4' are usually built in blocks or groups of thirt tofifty, or more or less. They are provider with a sel-ics of laterallydisposed horizontal lines connecting at a-ltornate. ends so that azigzag draft is maiutaned throngl'i thc flues from the top of the retortto the bottom thereof, the products of combustion being carried throughchannels 9 and 10 to the stuck. The gas mains 1l'- :uul 12 are providedat either end oi the retol-ts and extend across the entire battery ofsaid rctorl's, Each retort opens through f1`o to be noted that mams 114and 12 are divided partit-ion 'f main and dipping into u water-seul imeausywhich may be provi the 'elnlnn'el `1 3 aft-lone *en chair,

conductors 15 'and 16 is d jl l enerating es'avillgfbeifaisehatgnFemains 11 and 11eY v.

into two the bottom. the gas discharges so as to 'maintain the de; sired'pressure Aof gas in collectmgcompart nient A19, and consequentlythedesired pres- 4sure ot'4 gas in the retorts.

- To 'the distributing compartment 18 is connected a bleeder or pipe 39leadmgany surplus gas otl to boilers or other points of consumption.This bleeder is controlled by the valve device as shown at 41., actnatevalve 40 so as to automatically con trol at all times, the pressure inthe distribatingr main. Adjustment or regulation, as to the pressure tobe maintained in com partaient 1S, may be secured, for example, bymoving the weight on the end o arm connected with valve 40, as shown inFig. 2.

Compartment 18 of main 11 is adapted to discharge through pipe 2-'1 anddlscharge at burner openings 25 and 26, in fines 8 at the end of theretort. Pipe 27 will in a similar manner lead the gas from the chamber18 of main 1'2 to burner vents 28 and 29 in flues S at the other end ofthe retort. By this means is secured a dischar e of gas from reservoirs11 and 12 at the eginnmg of several of the horizontal flue sectionsfollowing the direction of the arrows in Fig'. l. The burner vents oropenings 25, 26, 28 and `29 are controlled by any suitable form of valveor gate to requlate the amount of gas permitted to flow therethrough.

Through the channel or conduit 30 air is conducted to the channels 31extending horizontally beneath the retorts. From channels 31 extendleads 3G and 37 in the masonry or brick work of the oven structure tovents 32, 33, 34 and 35, approximate and slightly below the gas vents25, 26, 28 and 29 respectively, to sustain the combus- 40.- Theautomatic pressure Fig. 2, 1s adapted to GdI- with means, automatic orotherwise, fof .varying or regu-4 latng- .its speed,

d and'. lieu heat in the adjacent fines.

The air a83- l31 and lea s 3 6 heated of .the gases therefrom. lngthrough chamwls 30, and 37 obviously becomes thoroughl 1g.harflngintotheflue. l Th n ,3.5 .are 'similarly controlled 'lves torvarying the amount ply tog tl 1e nues. 'The passage of gas from comartment :1B of maine 11 and 'is control ed by valve 38 similar to valve1 7.

The o ration of my device is as follows or an eicient o ration of theoven it is necessary to contro the pressure in the retorts so as tomaintain same at approxi mately atmospheric pressure. Since theseretorts are brult ot' fire brick, any ressure substantially aboveatmosphere wou d cause a leak of the gases through the walls of theretort, resulting not only in waste of the gas but also in irregular anduncontrollable It is necessary, in order Sto" maintain an approximatelyatmospheric ressurein the retorts, that the conductors eading from theretorts, .or the receiver connected therewith, should be maintained at anegative or below atmospheric pressure to overcome friction conditionswhich would tend to obstruct or impede the ow of gas from the retorts,and thereby create a positive or above atmospheric pressure in theretorts. On the other hand it is necessary that the rassure of gas atthe burners be maintaine at a. positive or above atmos heric pressure,for example a pressure equa to four inches of water, in order to securean eicient burning of the gas in the flues. It is obvious that the pressure of the gas at the burners must therefore be greater than thepressure of gas in the retorts. For this reason some means must beprovided, as for example the blower 21, and the valve 40 and pressureregulator 41 to control the pressure m the retorts and also the pressureat the burners, and so as to secure a positive pressure of gas at theburn ers, independent of the pressure of the retorts.

1. In a nonrecovery retort coke oven, the combination of a plurality ofretorts, combustion fines adjacent thereto provided with gas burners, acollect-in chamber connected with the retorts, a distri uting chamberconnected with the burners, means for transmit ting gas from thecollectin chamber directly to the distributing camber, means forcontrolling the pressure in the collect-ing chamber and thereby thepressure in the retorts, and means for controlling the pressure in thedistributing chamber independent of the pressure in the collectingchainber, whereby the s, some rich and abundant from some o the retortsand some poor and scanty from other retorts is permitted to mix andbecome of uniform quality when l delivered to the burners, and wherebythe pressure at the burners is controlled'to cure effective control ofthe heats in the combustion tlues.

2. In a non-recovery retort coke oven, the combination of a plurality ofretorts, combustion fines adjacent thereto provided with gas burners, agas receiving chamber oo nnected directly with the retorts, a gas dlstributing chamber connected direct y with the burners, meansconnecting the receiving chamber direct-1y with the distributingchamber, pressure controlling means connected with the receivingchamber, and pressure controlling means connected with the distributingchamber, whereby the gases from the retorts varyin in richness andquantity are mixed and delivered at required pressure to the burners,and whereby7 the required pressure is maintained in the retort..

3. In a retort coke oven, the combination of a plurality of retorts,fines adjacent thereto provided with gas burners, amain 1- vided into a.receiving compartment and a discharging compartment, means forconnecting the receiving compartment with the several retorts, means forconnecting the discharging com artment with the burners, and

ing compartment, means for connecting the receiving compartment. withthc several retorts, moans for connecting thc. discharging muulmrtnnmtwith the burners, and a couductor and blower connector! therewith asn'leans for delivering gas troni the receiving compartment to thedischarging coml'iartment at a required pressure.

7. In a retort colte oven', the combination of a plurality of retorts,fines adjacent thereto provided with gas burners, a main dividedcharging compartment, means for connecting the receiving compartmentwith the several rctorts, means for connecting the dischargingcompartment with the burners, means for delivering gas from thereceiving compartment to the discharging compartment at a requiredpressure, and an automatically sure in the discharging compartl'nent.

8. In a retort coke oven, the combination of a plurality of retorts,titles adjacent the-reto provided with gas burners, a main di vided intoa receiving compartment and a discharging compartment means forconnecting the receiving compartment with the sev eral retorts, meansfor connecting the discharging compartment with the burners,

means for dehvering gas from the receiving means -for delivering gasfrom the receiving compartment to the dischargmg compaltcompartment. tothe dlschargino compart ment at a required pressure. mentat a. requiredpressure, anc an escape 4. In a retort coke oven, the combination of aplurality of retorts, fines adjacent .thereto provided with gas burners,a mam dir vided into n receiving compartment and a dischargingcompartment, means connecting the receiving compartment with the severalretorts, means for connecting the discharging compartment with theburners, and means for delivering gas from the receiving compartment tothe discharging compart-l ment, said receiving compartment being ot suchcapacity relatively to the retorts as to secure an etiicient mixing ofthe gases received from the said several retorts.

In a retort coke oven, the combination of a plurality of retorts, (luesadjacent thereto provided with gas burners, a main divided into areceiving compzu'tlnent and a discharging compartment. means for connecting tie receiving compartment with the soreral retorts, means forconnecting the disv i charging compartment with the lnnucrs.:\ 1nl moansor dellveriug gas from the rcrelvlng valve and a pressure regulator forcontro1- ling the same connected with the discharging con'ipartment.

S). In a retort coke oven, the combination of a plurality of retorts, agas main extending across the series of retorts and above the same, saidmain divided into two longitudiually extending compartments, conductorsleading from the several rctorts to one of said compartments, means fordelivering the gas from thc said receiving compartment into the othercompartment. at a required mes-sure, and conductors leading from thelatter or discharge compartment to the rctort tlues, whereby the gas,sonic rich and abundant from some of the retorts and some poor andscant-y from other retorts` is pernittcd to mix and become of uniforn'tquality and then discharged. at the required pressure. to theretortlines.

l0. ln a retort colic oven. the ctnnhiinllion ot' a plurality oirelorts. u gas main extending across the rctorts. said main divided intotwo longitlulinally extending conqulrilucnts h v a partition having alongitudinal vel-tival extension 'from thc top ol the main toward thebottom thereof. and a liquid seal coopcratiiug therewith. tannini-torsleading from tho .several rctorts to oml ot' said comparllneuts forcarrying the gas. as it is discharged from the .several retorts iu varving quantities and qualities. to thc common com` compartment to thedischarging compartment at a required l'u'cssurc. said compari- :na-ntsbeing ot' such relative. capacity as to seem-1 an otiicicnt. mixing ofthe gas received i from the several retorts. i

(i. in a retort colte oven. the cmnbination l ot' a plurality ofrctorts. tlues adjacent. tht-rw to provided with gas burners. a maindivided l into a receiving compartmentand a dischargi controlled valvefor relieving excessive pres-- into a receiving compartment and adispaltrnent or receptacle, means for delivering mitted to mix andbecome of uniform uality, the gw; from the said receiving compartment,und then discharged, at the require prcs- 10 into the othczlarcolpurtmelnt aait afl'equirad sure, to the retort flues.

rassure, an con actors ca'mg rom tw 5 atter or discharge compartment tothe re WILLIAM H' BLAUVELI tort Haes, whereby the gas, some rich andWitnesses: abundant from some of the retorts and some MAE HOFMANN, poorand scanty from other retorts, is perY EUGENE. SIEGLER.

